stops

Lecture No. 9
Title: Stops
Stops are sounds produced when the airflow is completely obstructedduring speech. Such sounds can be explained and described as follows.
/p/ is a voiceless bilabial stop. The speech sound /p/ does not have accompanying vocal cord vibration and is therefore voiceless. The airflow is stopped by the complete closure of the two lips, which gives rise to the term bilabial. This sound can be represented in the following words: pen, apple, stop, open, ripe.
/b/ is a voiced bilabial stop.this sound has the same place of articulationas /p/, but it is accompanied by voicing. This sound is represented in the following words: book, bible, break,
/t/ is a voiceless alveolar stop. The alveolar consonants of English are produced when the tongue tip approaches or touches the the roof of the mouth at or near the alveolar ridgebehind the upper front teeth. This sound can be represented in the following words: top, stop, stable , plate, table
/d/ is a voiced alveolar stop. This sound has the same place of articulationas /t/ but is accompanied by voicing. This sound can be represented in the following words: door, under, need, speed, dear, made
/k/is voiceless velar stop. Velar consonants are formed when the body of the tongue approaches or touches the roof of the mouth on the palate ( the soft palateis called the velum) . this sound can be represented in the following words: come, sky, back, drink, clear, corner.
/g/ is a voiced velar stop. This sound has the same place of articulation of /k/ but is accompanied by voicing. This sound can be represented in the following words: game, bigger, bag, luggage, ugly, smugler.