م2.Sentence patterns

Sentence patterns
Just about all sentences in the English language fall into ten patterns determined by the presence and functions of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
The patterns are most easily classified according to the type of verb used:
Verb of being : is are was were has been have been had been
Linking verb : smell taste look feel seem become appear grow
Action verb :
see jump embrace write imagine buy plummet think etc.

Terms used to identify various parts of each sentence pattern include the following:
• NP = noun phrase
This abbreviation refers to a headword noun and its modifiers ("noun phrase") functioning as a subject, direct object, indirect object, subjective complement, or objective complement.
• NP1, NP2, NP3, etc. = designations for different noun phrase functions
Numbers in sequential order are used with each NP to designate its difference from or similarity to other NPs before and after it.
• V-be = verb of being
• LV = linking verb
• V-int = intransitive verb
• V-tr = transitive verb
• ADV/TP = adverbial of time or place
• ADJ = adjective
THE TEN SENTENCE PATTERNS

Pattern 1: N be Adj
- Food is good.
- Nada was happy.
- The boy is ill.
- The box is large.
Pattern 2: N be Adv
- Samir is in the school.
- The girl is here.
- The game was yesterday.
- The meeting will be at three o clock.
Pattern 3: N1 be N1
- My brother is a doctor.
- Ali is a teacher.
- Nada was my friend.
Pattern 4: N1 IntrV (Intransitive verb)
The most basic sentence pattern is a noun followed by a verb. It s important to remember that only verbs that do not require objects are used in this sentence pattern. In this pattern, the verb is not followed by any Object, and we refer to this as an intransitive verb:
- Vases break
- The students study.
- Visitors leave
- Mazin sings
- The boy runs.
Pattern 5: N1 TrV (Transitive verb) N2
The next sentence pattern is used with nouns that can take objects:
- The girl bought a dress.